Becoming a homeowner is a goal shared by many French citizens. For first-time buyers—those who have not owned their primary residence within the past two years—several programs have been implemented to make homeownership more accessible. These aids, available in 2025, are designed to ease the financial burden of purchasing a first property.
What Is a First-Time Buyer?
The term first-time buyer refers to anyone looking to purchase a primary residence for the first time, or who has not owned such a property within the last two years. This includes individuals who are entirely new to real estate as well as those who have owned a home in the past but haven’t lived in one as an owner for at least two years.
This status allows access to several homeownership assistance programs, subject to income limits and depending on the nature of the real estate project (new construction, existing property, off-plan purchase, etc.).
It’s important to note that for a couple to qualify as first-time buyers, both partners must meet the eligibility criteria. This status is particularly advantageous for young households, renters looking to become homeowners, or those returning to homeownership after a rental period.
Main Financing Options for First-Time Buyers
The Zero-Interest Loan (PTZ)
The Prêt à Taux Zéro (PTZ) is an interest-free loan intended to cover part of the cost of buying a primary residence. In 2025, several key changes were introduced:
- Geographic expansion: The PTZ is now available throughout France, regardless of location, for the purchase of new properties, whether individual homes or apartments.
- Relaxed eligibility criteria: Income ceilings have been raised, allowing more households to qualify.
- Loan amount: The PTZ can now cover up to 50% of the total cost of the property, providing substantial support to first-time buyers.
To use the PTZ, it must be combined with a standard mortgage. Additionally, the property must become the buyer’s primary residence within one year of purchase.
The Social Homeownership Loan (PAS)
The Prêt d’Accession Sociale (PAS) is designed for low-income households seeking to become homeowners. It can finance 100% of the purchase price, subject to income limits. This loan is particularly well-suited for first-time buyers with modest financial resources.
The Employer-Assisted Loan (Action Logement)
This loan is available to employees of companies with more than 10 staff members. It helps finance the purchase of a primary residence and is granted based on income conditions. It can be combined with other subsidized loans. The loan amount must not exceed 30% of the total purchase cost.
The Rent-to-Own Social Loan (PSLA)
The Prêt Social Location-Accession (PSLA) is a homeownership assistance scheme dedicated to new housing. It allows first-time buyers to become homeowners after an initial rental phase. Benefits include:
- A 15-year exemption from property tax,
- Reduced notary fees
The Shared Equity Lease (BRS)
The Bail Réel Solidaire (BRS) allows buyers to purchase the property without owning the land it sits on. Instead, they pay a monthly fee to occupy the land. This innovative arrangement is especially useful in high-cost housing markets and makes homeownership more affordable for first-time buyers.
Other Forms of Assistance and Additional Support
The Home Savings Plan (PEL)
The Plan Épargne Logement (PEL) is a government-regulated savings plan that helps individuals prepare financially for a home purchase. By saving regularly for at least four years, participants can qualify for a preferential-rate loan, usually lower than market rates. This loan can be used to buy or build a primary residence.
The maximum loan available through a PEL is €92,000, repayable over 2 to 15 years. The applicable interest rate depends on when the PEL was opened and the conditions in effect at that time. This savings plan can be a valuable tool for first-time buyers looking to boost their down payment.
Local Government Assistance
In addition to national programs, many local authorities (municipalities, departments, or regions) offer specific financial assistance for first-time homebuyers: local zero-interest loans, grants, temporary exemptions from property taxes, or renovation subsidies.
These programs vary from one area to another, depending on local housing policies. They are often subject to criteria such as income, the type of property (new or old), or its geographical location. Therefore, it is highly recommendedto inquire directly with the relevant town hall or departmental or regional council to learn about the available assistance in your area.
Property Tax Exemption
In some cases, first-time buyers may qualify for a temporary exemption from property tax on newly built homes. To be eligible, at least 50% of the home’s construction must be financed through subsidized loans (such as the PTZ or PAS). The exemption can last up to 15 years starting from the year after construction is completed.
Important: Some municipalities may choose not to apply this exemption. You should always check with your local tax office to confirm your eligibility for this benefit
How to Optimize Your Real Estate Project as a First-Time Buyer
To maximize the chances of success in your real estate project, here are a few key tips:
- Estimate your borrowing capacity: Calculate your debt-to-income ratio to determine how much you can borrow without compromising your financial stability.
- Prepare your loan application: Gather all the necessary documents to build a strong application (pay slips, tax notices, proof of address, etc.).
- Compare offers: Shop around and compare proposals from different financial institutions to secure the best loan terms.
- Seek professional guidance: Don’t hesitate to consult a real estate advisor who can guide you through the process and help you choose the most suitable support schemes for your situation.
In Summary
The assistance programs available to first-time buyers in 2025 offer numerous opportunities to become a homeowner. Whether through the PTZ, PAS, Employer-Assisted Loan, or other forms of aid, it’s essential to be well-informed and to carefully plan your project.
At Capifrance, our advisors are here to support you every step of the way. Feel free to contact them to benefit from their expertise and in-depth knowledge of the local real estate market.
FAQ
What is a first-time buyer?
A first-time buyer is someone who has not owned their primary residence in the past two years or has never owned one before.
What types of loans are available for first-time buyers?
First-time buyers may qualify for several types of assistance: PTZ (Zero-Interest Loan), PAS (Social Homeownership Loan), Employer-Assisted Loan (Prêt Action Logement), PSLA (Rent-to-Own Social Loan), BRS (Shared Equity Lease), PEL (Home Savings Plan), local government support, and property tax exemptions under certain conditions.
How can I find out if I’m eligible for these programs?
It’s recommended to use online eligibility simulators available on official websites (such as ANIL for the PTZ), or to consult a real estate advisor who can help evaluate your eligibility.
Can I combine several assistance programs?
Yes, it is possible to combine multiple forms of assistance under certain conditions. Be sure to check the specific rules for each program.
Author:
Virginie Cottet-Moine – Head of New Build and Life Annuity Division
As a specialist in new real estate and life annuity properties, I provide clear and useful information to help you better understand these unique sectors. My goal is to support your decision-making with reliable, tailored advice for your real estate plans.
